Hemorrhoid is a structural Disorder characterized by the presence of swelling of the blood vessels that line the opening of the anus. Hemorrhoids are caused due to chronic pressure that may occur as a result of constant straining during passage of stool, or persistent and chronic diarrhea or pregnancy. Generally hemorrhoids are categorized into two types: Internal and External. In internal hemorrhoids the swollen blood vessels are present inside the anus at the start of the rectum. In external hemorrhoids the swollen blood vessels are present at the opening of the anus and are often visible from the outside.

The various symptoms of hemorrhoids are :

Itching at the anal region
Pain in anus, especially during sitting
Presence of bright red blood in the stool or toilet tissue
Pain while passing stool
Presence of one or more tender and hard lump near the anal opening
Diagnosis of hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids are usually diagnosed by the presence of characteristic symptoms and during physical examination of the rectal region.

Treatment of hemorrhoids

Pain and swelling due to hemorrhoids can be reduced by applying OTC corticosteroid creams. Pain can also be reduced by applying hemorrhoid creams containing lidocaine.

Other steps which you can take to reduce anal itching are :

Wearing undergarments made of cotton
Avoiding using perfumed toilet tissues
Avoiding scratching the area
Taking sitz bath can also help
Taking stool softeners can help in reducing constipation and straining

What is the prognosis ?

Majority of the treatments for hemorrhoids are effective. However, to prevent recurrence, it is necessary to eat a diet rich in fiber and increase the fluid intake.